Aeneas in the Ancient Sources: 143 Passages in Greek & English

Homer (16)

Homer, Iliad 20.259–352Achilles and Aeneas fight; Poseidon rescues AeneasAeneas casts his spear, which pierces two layers of Achilles' shield but is stopped by the gold of the third, and Achilles' spear passes through Aeneas' shield and over his shoulder. Aeneas lifts a great stone, but Poseidon, pitying him, carries him high over the fighters to the rear of the battle and tells him not to fight Achilles again. Poseidon scatters the mist from Achilles' eyes.
Homer, Iliad 13.455–575Aeneas and Idomeneus; Deiphobus is woundedDeiphobus finds Aeneas, who is angry with Priam, and Aeneas stands against Idomeneus, who calls his comrades to him, and the two sides fight round the body. Idomeneus kills Oenomaus, and Deiphobus kills Ascalaphus, a son of Ares, while Meriones wounds Deiphobus in the arm and Polites leads him from the field. Aeneas kills Aphareus, Antilochus kills Thoon, and Adamas, who struck Antilochus' shield, is killed by Meriones.
Homer, Iliad 5.431–518Apollo rescues Aeneas; Ares rallies the TrojansDiomedes rushes at Aeneas three times, but Apollo thrusts him back and carries Aeneas to his temple in Pergamus, where Leto and Artemis heal him, while Apollo makes a phantom of Aeneas for the armies to fight over. Apollo rouses Ares to join the Trojans, and Ares rallies them in the likeness of Acamas. Sarpedon rebukes Hector, who rouses his men, and Aeneas returns to the fighting healed.
Homer, Iliad 5.166–296Pandarus and Aeneas against DiomedesPandarus complains that his arrow has not killed Diomedes and fears that a god stands beside him, and Aeneas persuades him to mount his car and face the Achaean. Sthenelus warns Diomedes, who refuses to flee and bids him seize Aeneas' horses, which are of the breed that Zeus gave to Tros. Pandarus' spear pierces Diomedes' shield, but Diomedes' spear passes through Pandarus' face and kills him.
Homer, Iliad 20.156–258Achilles and Aeneas exchange wordsAeneas and Achilles meet between the armies, and Achilles asks why Aeneas has come out to fight him, reminding him that he once chased him down Mount Ida after taking his cattle. Aeneas answers that he will not be frightened by words, and tells his descent from Dardanus through Tros, Ilus and Laomedon, saying that Zeus gives men strength as he wills.
Homer, Iliad 5.297–430Diomedes wounds AphroditeAeneas stands over the body of Pandarus, and Diomedes hurls a stone that crushes his hip, but Aphrodite wraps him in her robe and Diomedes pierces her hand. She drops her son, and Apollo covers Aeneas with a cloud while Iris leads the wounded goddess to Ares, who lends her his chariot to Olympus. Dione comforts her daughter, Athena mocks her, and Zeus tells Aphrodite that war is not her business.
Homer, Iliad 20.75–155Apollo rouses Aeneas; the gods sit apartAchilles wants above all to meet Hector, but Apollo, in the likeness of Lycaon, goads Aeneas into facing him. Aeneas protests that some god always stands beside Achilles, and Apollo answers that he too is the son of a goddess, Aphrodite, and should pray to the gods. Hera tells Poseidon and Athena that the gods should stand by Achilles, but Poseidon proposes that they sit apart on the wall of Heracles and join the fight only if Ares or Apollo begin it.
Homer, Iliad 5.519–626Hector and Ares drive the Achaeans backAeneas kills Crethon and Orsilochus, and Menelaus and Antilochus avenge them, killing Pylaemenes and Mydon. Hector, led by Ares and Enyo, drives into the Achaeans, and Diomedes, seeing Ares beside him, tells his men to give ground while keeping their faces to the Trojans. Hector kills Menesthes and Anchialus, and Ajax kills Amphius.
Homer, Iliad 16.508–631The fight over Sarpedon's bodyGlaucus, wounded in the arm, prays to Apollo, who heals him, and Glaucus then rouses Polydamas, Agenor, Aeneas and Hector to fight for Sarpedon. Hector leads the Trojans against Patroclus, who calls on the two Ajaxes to hold the body, and the two sides fight round it. Zeus spreads deadly strife over the body, and Hector gives ground.
Homer, Iliad 17.233–365The Achaeans rally round the body of PatroclusThe Trojans charge in a mass, hoping to drag the body away, and Ajax tells Menelaus to call the Achaean chiefs. The Achaeans fight over the body, and Ajax kills Hippothous. Apollo, in the likeness of Periphas, urges Aeneas to stand fast, and the Achaeans fall back, though fewer of them are killed because they guard one another in the throng.
Homer, Iliad 17.459–542Automedon and the horses of AchillesAutomedon drives among the Trojans and the Achaeans but cannot drive and fight at once, until Alcimedon takes the reins while he fights from the ground. Hector and Aeneas come to seize the horses, but Automedon calls to the two Ajaxes and Menelaus, and the two Trojans fall back. Automedon kills Aretus and strips him.
Homer, Iliad 6.1–118Helenus sends Hector to TroyThe Trojans give way before the Achaeans: Ajax kills Acamas and Diomedes kills Axylus, and Menelaus is about to spare Adrastus when Agamemnon kills him. Helenus tells Aeneas and Hector to hold the Trojans at the gates, and asks Hector to go to the city and have the older women offer a robe to Athena and vow twelve heifers if she will keep Diomedes from Troy. Hector rallies the host and leaves for Ilios.

4 more passages of Homer that name Aeneas

Pindar (1)

Pindar, Olympian Odes 6.1–105Olympian 6: for Hagesias — Iamus, son of ApolloPindar likens the opening of his ode to the building of a hall on golden pillars and praises Hagesias of Syracuse, an Iamid and victor with the mule-car, recalling Adrastus' lament for Amphiaraüs. He tells how Euadne, loved by Apollo, hid her child Iamus among the violets, where bees' honey fed him, and how Apollo later gave him the gift of prophecy and an oracle at Olympia. He closes by sending Aeneas to praise Hera and Stymphalus, and with a prayer to Poseidon.

Euripides (3)

Euripides, Rhesus 52–104First episode: Hector believes the Greeks are fleeing and armsHector says that the Argives are bent on slipping away in their ships by night, and that his seers had told him to wait for dawn, but darkness turns runaways into heroes. The Chorus Leader says that they do not know for certain whether the Greeks are fleeing. Aeneas arrives and asks why the sentinels have come through the army at night, and Hector tells him that the men are flying and girds on his sword.
Euripides, Rhesus 105–148First episode: Aeneas advises sending a spyAeneas says that Hector is bold but not wise in counsel, and warns him that leading the troops across the trench by night is dangerous if the enemy are waiting for him, and that Achilles is still to be reckoned with. He advises sending a spy to learn what the fires mean, and the Chorus agrees. Hector yields and asks who will volunteer.
Euripides, Rhesus 565–594Fourth episode: Odysseus and Diomedes find Hector's bivouac emptyOdysseus and Diomedes steal into the Trojan camp, using the password Phoebus, which they learned from Dolon, and find that Hector's bivouac is empty. Odysseus proposes going back to the fleet, and Diomedes asks whether they should not first go against Aeneas or Paris, and says that it would be shameful to return having done no harm. Odysseus answers that they have slain Dolon.

Ovid (16)

Ovid, Metamorphoses 14.75–157The Cercopes; the SibylAeneas sails past Scylla and Charybdis, is driven to Libya, where Dido, who loved him, kills herself, and comes to the island of the Pithecusae, where Zeus (Jupiter) turned the Cercopes into apes. At Cumae the Sibyl guides Aeneas to the underworld, and tells him how Apollo wooed her and granted her as many years as the grains of sand in her hand, but she forgot to ask for youth. She is now shrunken, and will in the end be only a voice.
Ovid, Metamorphoses 14.527–608The ships of Aeneas; Ardea; Aeneas becomes a godThe Rutulians set fire to Aeneas' ships, but Cybele turns them into sea-nymphs. Turnus is killed, and Ardea, his city, is burned, and a heron rises from the ashes. Aphrodite (Venus) asks Zeus (Jupiter) that Aeneas be made a god, and he is purified in the river Numicius and received among the gods, with the name Indiges.
Ovid, Metamorphoses 13.623–747Aeneas at Delos; Anius' daughters; ScyllaAeneas escapes from Troy with his father and his household gods and comes to Delos, where the king Anius shows them the temple and tells how his three daughters had the power of turning things into corn, wine and oil. Agamemnon tried to take them for the Greek army, and they escaped by prayer to Dionysus (Bacchus), who turned them into doves. Aeneas sails on past Sicily and the straits of Scylla and Charybdis, and the nymph Scylla asks the sea-nymph Galatea why she weeps.
Ovid, Metamorphoses 14.440–526Diomedes' companions; the wild oliveMacareus ends his tale, and Aeneas' nurse is buried at Caieta. Aeneas wins the daughter of King Latinus, and Turnus, to whom she was promised, makes war on him. Venulus is sent to Diomedes for help, and Diomedes refuses, telling of the sufferings of the Greeks on their return from Troy and of how his own companions were turned into birds after Aphrodite's (Venus') anger. He also tells of the Apulian shepherd who mocked the nymphs and was turned into a wild olive.
Ovid, Fasti 3.517–656Fasti 3: Anna Perenna (1): Anna, the sister of DidoOvid notes the Equirria on 14 March and describes the Ides feast of Anna Perenna, where people drink in the open. He then tells her story: after Dido's death and the seizure of her realm, her sister Anna flees to Melite, then is driven by storm to Latium. Aeneas welcomes her, Lavinia grows jealous, and Dido's ghost warns Anna, who flees into the river Numicius and becomes a nymph.
Ovid, Heroides 7.1–196Heroides 7: Dido to AeneasDido writes to Aeneas as he prepares to sail from Carthage for Italy. She reproaches him for breaking his promises, warns him of the sea, and recalls how she took him in and gave him her throne. She asks him to wait a little, or to stay as her guest, and says that a sword lies in her lap and she will die otherwise, giving the epitaph she wants.
Ovid, Metamorphoses 15.745–879The deification of Julius Caesar; epilogueAphrodite (Venus), seeing the plots against Julius Caesar, begs the gods to save him, but the Fates cannot be altered, and she takes his soul from his body and sets it among the stars as a comet. Zeus (Jupiter, 'Jove' in More's translation) foretells the greatness of Augustus, and Ovid ends the poem with a prayer for the emperor, and the claim that his own work will outlast the thunder of Zeus and be read by men through all the ages.
Ovid, Fasti 4.863–900Fasti 4: The Vinalia: Aeneas and Mezentius (23 April)On 23 April Ovid bids courtesans honour Aphrodite (Venus) at her temple by the Colline gate, which came from Sicily by oracle. He then explains why the Vinalia belongs to Zeus (Jupiter): Mezentius sells his help to Turnus for the new wine, Aeneas vows the vintage to Jupiter instead, and Mezentius falls.
Ovid, Fasti 4.1–84Fasti 4: Aphrodite (Venus) and the line of AeneasOvid invokes Aphrodite (Venus) at the start of April, and she tells him to finish his work. He traces the descent of Caesar's family from Dardanus through Aeneas, Julus and the Alban kings to Romulus and Remus, then gives the Greek derivation of the month's name and lists Greek settlers in Italy.
Ovid, Metamorphoses 14.158–220AchaemenidesAt Caieta Macareus, an old companion of Odysseus (Ulysses), recognises Achaemenides, whom the Greeks had left behind when they fled from the Cyclops and who now follows Aeneas, and asks how he came there. Achaemenides tells of the cave of Polyphemus, of how Odysseus blinded the giant, and how he himself, left behind, was saved by a Trojan ship.
Ovid, Metamorphoses 15.359–476Pythagoras: the phoenix, the rise and fall of citiesPythagoras describes the transformations of living things: the birth of bees from cattle, of frogs from mud, and of the phoenix, which renews itself from its own pyre. He tells of the changes of sex in the hyena, and of the chameleon and the lynx. Cities, too, rise and fall: Troy, Sparta, Mycenae and Thebes have lost their strength, and Rome is rising. He ends with a plea not to kill animals for food and not to trap them by deceit.
Ovid, Metamorphoses 15.622–744Asclepius comes to RomeA plague strikes Rome, and the Romans, on the advice of the Delphic oracle, send for the god Asclepius (Aesculapius), son of Apollo, from Epidaurus. The god, appearing in a dream to the Roman envoys, agrees to go with them, and takes the form of a serpent and goes to the ship. He comes to Rome and, on the Tiber island, takes his own form and stops the plague. The poet notes that Asclepius came from abroad, but Caesar is a god in his own land.

4 more passages of Ovid that name Aeneas

Pausanias (2)

Pausanias, Description of Greece 8.12.1–9Mantinea: the roads to Methydrium and Orchomenus, Penelope's grave and Anchises' tombPausanias notes the sanctuary of Zeus Charmon and the oaks of Arcadia, including the cork oak whose bark is used for floats. On the road to Methydrium he tells how Alcimedon exposed his daughter Phialo and her child by Hercules, and how a jay's imitation of the baby's cries led Hercules to them. On the roads to Orchomenus are the stadium of Ladas, the mound the Mantineans say is Penelope's grave, the ruins of old Mantinea and the tomb of Anchises on Mount Anchisia.
Pausanias, Description of Greece 10.26.1–9Delphi: Polygnotus' painting of Troy after its capture (2): captive women, Epeus, Ajax and NeoptolemusPausanias continues the Polygnotus painting of Troy with the captive women Clymene, Creusa, Aristomache and Xenodice, and Epeus razing the wall with the Wooden Horse. He describes Ajax son of Oileus swearing an oath beside Cassandra and the image of Athena, the sons of Atreus, and Neoptolemus slaying Elasus and Astynous. He explains the bronze corselets of old, then Laodice, Medusa and a woman with a child.

Quintus Smyrnaeus (10)

Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 11.358–501The assault on the wallOdysseus' men lock their shields over their heads like a roof and press up to the wall under a hail of stones. Alcimedon, a Locrian, climbs a ladder and is struck down by Aeneas' stone. Philoctetes shoots at Aeneas and kills Medon, and Aeneas kills Toxaechmes.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 11.129–282Apollo rouses the TrojansApollo comes to Aeneas and Eurymachus and fills the Trojans with courage, and they leap on the Greeks like wasps on bees. Neoptolemus rallies the Myrmidons and drives back the Trojans, until Aeneas stands against him. Dust fills the air so that friends kill friends, until Zeus clears the plain.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 10.74–202Heroes in the slaughter; the arms of HerculesAeneas kills Harpalion and Hyllus, while Neoptolemus slays twelve Trojans with his father's spear. Eurymenes kills many until Meges strikes him down, and Paris, Teucer and Meges also kill, with digressions on Scylaceus' fate and on Endymion's cave. Philoctetes then ravages the Trojans, and the poet describes the belt and quiver of Hercules that he carries, decorated with beasts and scenes from myth.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 6.451–651Eurypylus drives the Argives to the shipsPodaleirius arms in grief for his brother and kills Cleitus and Lassus. Eurypylus then drives the Argives toward the ships; Aias son of Oileus is struck down by a stone from Aeneas, and the Atreidae are surrounded until Teucer, Idomeneus and others rally. The Trojans charge as one man and the Argives flee, and only nightfall stops Eurypylus from burning the ships.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 3.212–292The fight over Achilles' bodyThe Trojans, among them Glaucus, Aeneas and Agenor, close round the fallen Achilles to drag his body to Troy, but Aias bestrides it and thrusts them back, killing many. Glaucus threatens Aias, who answers with scorn and then kills him. Aeneas drags Glaucus' body away for the Trojans and, fighting on to strip Achilles, is pierced in the forearm by Aias and withdraws to Troy to be healed.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 11.1–128The battle after Paris' deathThe Trojan women mourn in the city, but the young men go on fighting outside, for Strife and the Fates stalk through both armies. Neoptolemus, Aeneas, Philoctetes, Polydamas, Odysseus, Diomedes, Agamemnon, Thoas and Teucer kill in turn, and the dead are numbered.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 11.283–357Athena turns the battleAthena comes into the fight for the Greeks, and Aphrodite snatches Aeneas from the field in a mist. The Trojans are broken and flee, and a remnant enters the city. At dawn the Argive chiefs attack the gates of Troy.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 8.1–107Neoptolemus and the Myrmidons attackAt dawn Neoptolemus calls on the Myrmidons to fight and puts on his father's arms while Thetis rejoices from the sea. The armies clash like two seas meeting. Neoptolemus kills Melaneus and Alcidamas, and Aeneas kills Aristolochus.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 13.297–414Aeneas escapes; Menelaus and HelenAeneas, seeing Troy burning, carries his father Anchises on his shoulders and leads his son out through the fire, guided by Aphrodite. Calchas tells the Argives to spare him because he is fated to found a great city by the Tiber. Menelaus kills Deiphobus in Helen's chamber and finds Helen, but Aphrodite strikes the sword from his hand and fills him with love, and his brother urges him not to kill her.
Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 10.1–73Polydamas and Aeneas debateThe Trojans, still burning their dead, see the Argives coming and throw up a hasty mound. Polydamas advises them to hold the walls until the Danaans tire. Aeneas answers that they would starve and urges them to fight, and Strife draws the armies together.

Conon (1)

Conon, Narrations 44.1–47.2Euangelus, Orpheus, Aeneas and AlthaemenesA captive's son becomes the first prophet of the Branchidae at Miletus, and Orpheus is torn apart by women and honored as a hero. Aeneas' travels end at Aenus, with a pointed remark on the Roman version of his story. Althaemenes, refusing both the Dorian and the Ionian colonists, settles Rhodes.

Hyginus (2)

Hyginus, Fabulae 269–277Beauty, the earliest games, inventions, cities and islandsA damaged list of the tallest men, then the most beautiful men and youths, and a long account of who held the first games down to Aeneas. The collection ends, incomplete, with lists of inventors, city-founders, the largest islands and the discoverers of letters.
Hyginus, Fabulae 254–261Dutiful children, friends, and interpolated stories from ServiusDutiful children, impious and chaste women, and the great friendships are listed, with long bracketed stories of Damon and Phintias and of Harmodius and Aristogiton. Several bracketed chapters taken from commentators close the group.

Plutarch (6)

Plutarch, Life of Romulus 1.1–2.6Where Rome got its name; the lineage of Romulus; Tarchetius and the phantom in the hearthWriters disagree about who gave Rome its name, and Plutarch lists the Pelasgians, a Trojan woman named Roma who proposed burning the ships, other women named Roma, and men named Romanus, Romus or Romis. Even those who agree that Romulus named the city differ about his lineage, and some make him a son of Ares (Mars) by Aemilia, daughter of Aeneas and Lavinia. One fabulous story tells how Tarchetius, king of the Albans, saw a phantom rise from his hearth, and an oracle of Tethys said a virgin who lay with it would bear a famous son. His daughter sent a handmaid in her place, and Tarchetius, forbidden by Hestia to kill the two maidens, had the handmaid's twins exposed, whereupon a she-wolf suckled them, a cow-herd took them home, and they later overcame Tarchetius.
Plutarch, Roman Questions 10–19Questions 10-19: covered heads, Saturn, Terminus, Matuta, Hercules and JanuaryThe questions ask why Romans cover their heads at worship but sacrifice to Saturn and to Honour bare-headed, and why Saturn is called the father of truth. They explain why sons veil their heads at funerals and daughters unbind their hair, why no living creature is sacrificed to Terminus, and why maid-servants are barred from the temple of Matuta, where a single slave is slapped. Question 18 treats the tithe paid to Hercules, and Question 19 the beginning of the year in January.
Plutarch, Roman Questions 42–53Questions 42-53: the temple of Saturn, Venus, Vulcan, the Lares and the Sardians for saleQuestions 42 and 43 explain why the temple of Saturn holds the treasury and the record of ambassadors' names, and Question 44 why the priest of Jupiter may not swear an oath. Other questions treat the free flow of wine at the Veneralia, the open temple of Horta, the siting of the temple of Vulcan outside the city, the garlanded horses at the Consualia and the candidates' togas without tunics. Questions 51 and 52 ask about the dog set before the Lares and the dog sacrificed to Mana Geneta, and Question 53 why Sardians are put up for sale during the games at the Capitol.
Plutarch, Life of Camillus 20.1–22.6The Vestals' flight, the old men in the Forum and the sack of RomeThe Gauls spend their joy in revelry, so the Romans fortify the Capitol, and the Vestals carry off the fire of Hestia (Vesta) and the other sacred things; Plutarch gives accounts of what they guard, including the Palladium of Troy. Lucius Albinius takes his family off his waggon so that the Vestals can ride on it, while the priests and aged former consuls vow themselves to death and sit in the Forum. Brennus enters Rome by the Colline gate and is amazed at their silence, until a Gaul strokes the beard of Papirius, who strikes him with his staff and is killed. The Gauls then kill the rest and burn the houses, but cannot take the Capitol.
Plutarch, Life of Flamininus 12.1–14.2Titus dedicates gifts at Delphi, makes peace with Nabis and triumphs at RomeTitus sends officers to free cities from Philip's garrisons, presides over the Nemeian games at Argos and restores law and exiles in the Greek cities. At Delphi he dedicates silver bucklers to the Dioscuri (Tyndaridae) and a golden wreath to Apollo, with verse inscriptions. He makes peace with Nabis of Sparta when he could have captured him, either from fear of being superseded or from jealousy of Philopoemen's honours, and the Achaeans ransom twelve hundred Romans enslaved in Hannibal's war and give them to him. These men follow his triumph with shaven heads, beside the spoils of Philip.
Plutarch, Roman Questions 73–81Questions 73-81: priests and divination, Fortuna Brevis, the moon on shoes and the triumphQuestion 73 explains why priests with sores were barred from divination, and Question 74 why Servius Tullius built a temple to Small Fortune. Other questions treat why a candle was left to burn out, the little moons on patricians' shoes, why the year is Jupiter's and the months Juno's, and why a bird called sinister is fortunate. Questions 79 and 80 concern the triumph and Question 81 asks why the tribune of the people wears no purple.

Strabo (5)

Strabo, Geography 13.1.52–55Scepsis: Aeneas and Aristotle's libraryStrabo describes Scepsis, ruled by descendants of Hector and Aeneas, and sets out the stories of Aeneas' fate, from Antenor's escape to Thrace to Aeneas' voyage, with Homer's lines that he and his descendants would rule the Trojans. He then tells how the books of Aristotle and Theophrastus passed to Neleus of Scepsis, were hidden underground, and were sold to Apellicon and later seized by Sylla for Rome. Demetrius the grammarian and Metrodorus close the section.
Strabo, Geography 5.3.2–3The founding of Rome: Aeneas and RomulusStrabo tells how Aeneas came to Laurentum, how Latinus and the Latini arose, and how Ascanius founded Alba. He recounts Rhea Silvia, the twins said in myth to be sons of Ares (Mars) suckled by a she-wolf, Romulus and Remus, the asylum and the seizure of the Sabine women. He also gives the older Arcadian account of Evander entertaining Heracles (Hercules) on the advice of his mother Nicostrata, whom the Romans worship as Carmentis.
Strabo, Geography 13.1.24–27Dardania, Plato's three cities, and the new IliumStrabo cites Dardanus, son of Zeus (Jupiter), who founded Dardania, and Plato's account of three stages of settlement after the floods, linked to the Cyclops, Dardanus and Ilus. He argues that the village of the Ilienses, 30 stadia away, is the likelier site of the ancient city, and that the present Ilium grew from a village with a small temple of Athena (Minerva). He traces its favour from Alexander, Lysimachus and Caesar, the Homer casket-copy, Fimbrias taking it in eleven days, and the Roman descent from Aeneas.
Strabo, Geography 5.3.4–6Latium's coast, Circe and the Via AppiaStrabo explains how Latium grew to include the Aequi, Volsci and Hernici and how Alba was destroyed. Along the coast he describes Ostia, Antium and the temples of Aphrodite (Venus) at Lavinium and Ardea, places revered because of Aeneas's arrival, then Mount Circaeum with its temple of Circe and a cup said to have belonged to Odysseus (Ulysses). He follows the Via Appia through Tarracina, Formiae and Minturnae to Sinuessa, with notes on wine.
Strabo, Geography 13.1.7–9Priam's kingdom and Homer's Trojan dynastiesStrabo reads Homer's lines to show that the whole coast was Trojan, split into dynasties such as Mynes at Lyrnessus, Eetion at Thebe, the Leleges under Altes, and Asius near Abydos. He recalls Achilles sacking these places, the captives Briseïs and Chryseïs, and Andromache's birth at Thebe. He then lists the later peoples, Phrygians, Thracians, Treres, Lydians and Mysians, who occupied the land.

Virgil (81)

Virgil, Aeneid 1.494–642Dido receives the TrojansDido arrives at the temple and sits in judgment among her people, while the hidden Aeneas sees his lost companions among the Trojan envoys. Their leader Ilioneus asks for repairs to their ships and safe passage to Italy or Sicily, and Dido grants them safety and offers a place in her city. Aeneas then steps out of the cloud and thanks her, and she welcomes him, saying she too has known hardship. She orders a feast, with sacrifices for the Trojans on the shore.
Virgil, Aeneid 10.769–832LaususAeneas comes out to face Mezentius, and Mezentius vows to give Lausus the spoils if he wins. His spear kills Antores by mistake, and Aeneas's spear wounds Mezentius in the groin. Lausus shields his father so that he can retreat, but Aeneas kills Lausus and then mourns him, promising to return his body and arms to his people.
Virgil, Aeneid 12.441–553The battle resumesAeneas marches out with his army, and the Rutulians are terrified. Juturna takes the place of Turnus's charioteer and keeps steering him away from Aeneas, who cannot reach him. Aeneas and Turnus then each slay many warriors, and all the Latins and Trojans join in one wide battle.
Virgil, Aeneid 6.156–263Misenus and the golden boughAeneas finds that Misenus, the Trojan trumpeter, lies dead on the shore after Triton threw him into the sea. The Trojans cut wood and build a pyre for him, and Aeneas prays to find the golden bough. Two doves sent by his mother lead him to the bough, and he breaks it off and carries it to the Sibyl. After Misenus's funeral and tomb, Aeneas makes sacrifices at a cave, and the Sibyl leads him into it.
Virgil, Aeneid 8.454–607Evander's alliance; Pallas joins AeneasNext morning Evander tells Aeneas that his own strength is small, but that Etruria, which drove out the cruel Mezentius, is ready to fight under a foreign leader. He offers that place to Aeneas and sends his son Pallas with him and two hundred horsemen. A thunderclap and arms in the sky, a sign from Aphrodite (Venus), confirm the plan. Evander prays tearfully for his son, and Aeneas rides to the Etruscan camp of Tarchon.
Virgil, Aeneid 12.697–790The duelAeneas and Turnus meet in single combat while both armies watch, and Zeus (Jupiter) weighs their fates. Turnus's sword breaks on Aeneas's armor, because he took the wrong weapon, and he flees. Aeneas's spear sticks in a sacred olive stump, Juturna returns Turnus's sword, and Aphrodite (Venus) frees Aeneas's spear so the fight can start again.
Virgil, Aeneid 5.700–778The vision of Anchises and the founding of AcestaShaken by the loss, Aeneas wonders whether to stay in Sicily, and the old Nautes advises leaving the weary and the faint-hearted with Acestes in a new city. That night the shade of Anchises tells Aeneas to follow this counsel, to take only brave men to Italy, and to visit him in the Underworld with the Sibyl as guide. Aeneas founds the city Acesta, sacrifices, and sails with a fair wind.
Virgil, Aeneid 10.510–605The rage of AeneasAeneas hears that his men are in danger and cuts a path of slaughter toward Turnus, thinking of Pallas and Evander. He takes eight men alive for sacrifice and refuses to spare Mago, who begs for mercy. He kills many more, including the brothers Lucagus and Liger, and Ascanius and the Trojans leave the camp as the siege ends.
Virgil, Aeneid 12.324–440Turnus' onslaught; Aphrodite heals AeneasWith Aeneas gone, Turnus drives his chariot through the Trojan ranks and kills many men. Aeneas is helped to the camp, where the healer Iapyx cannot draw out the arrow. Aphrodite (Venus) secretly adds a healing herb to the wound, it closes, and Aeneas arms and kisses Ascanius before returning to battle.
Virgil, Aeneid 1.418–493Carthage and the pictures of the Trojan WarAeneas and Achates climb a hill and watch the Tyrians busily building walls, a harbor, and a theatre in Carthage. Hidden by the cloud, Aeneas walks into the city and reaches a temple of Hera (Juno) built by Dido. On its walls he sees pictures of the Trojan War, including Priam, Achilles dragging Hector's body, and the Trojan women at the shrine of Athena (Minerva). Aeneas weeps and takes comfort that his people's suffering is known even here.
Virgil, Aeneid 1.643–756Eros in the guise of Ascanius; Dido's banquetAeneas sends Achates to bring Ascanius (Iulus) and gifts saved from Troy. Aphrodite (Venus) fears Dido's people and Hera (Juno), so she puts the real Ascanius to sleep in a far-off grove and sends Eros (Cupid) to take his place. At the banquet Dido embraces the false boy and begins to forget her dead husband Sichaeus. She pours a libation and prays for the Trojans and Tyrians, a minstrel sings, and she asks Aeneas to tell the story of Troy's fall and his wanderings.
Virgil, Aeneid 6.264–416The descent to the Underworld: Charon and the StyxAeneas and the Sibyl enter the dark realm and pass the figures of Sorrow, Old Age, War and monsters at the entrance. At the river Acheron, Charon ferries only those who have been buried. Aeneas meets the unburied Palinurus, who tells how he was lost, and the Sibyl promises that his bones will be given a tomb. Charon refuses to take a living man until the Sibyl shows the golden bough, and he then ferries them across.

69 more passages of Virgil that name Aeneas

Aeneas in the ancient sources

Homer (16)

Pindar (1)

Euripides (3)

Ovid (16)

Pausanias (2)

Quintus Smyrnaeus (10)

Conon (1)

Hyginus (2)

Plutarch (6)

Strabo (5)

Virgil (81)